Guidance
Assessing forensic evidence
ENFSI guidance on evaluating forensic findings and explaining them in a report.
Why read it?
Helps distinguish what forensic evidence does and does not establish.
Keep in mind
The probability of a finding under different explanations must not be confused with the probability that someone is guilty.
Reference details
Title as recorded: Forensisch bewijs evalueren
Author(s): Not recorded · Year: Not recorded
Publication / host: enfsi.eu
Source language: English
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Article
Depending on AI for knowledge
This analysis discusses the risks of information professionals increasingly relying on AI for knowledge.
Why read it?
Provides background for asking how much of our judgement we delegate to AI.
Keep in mind
The author develops an argument. The article does not measure how much knowledge people lose through using AI.
Reference details
Title as recorded: Beyond data governance: Epistemic dependency risk and the emerging mandate for information professionals in the age of AI-mediated knowledge
Author(s): Adebowale Jeremy Adetayo · Year: 2026
Publication / host: SAGE Publications
Source language: English
DOI: 10.1177/02663821261475976
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Research report
What working near colleagues can mean
Research on the relationship between working near colleagues, receiving feedback and learning at work.
Why read it?
Helps explore the role of personal contact in passing on knowledge.
Keep in mind
The research concerns one business setting. Its findings are not a general argument against working from home.
Reference details
Title as recorded: The Power of Proximity to Coworkers
Author(s): Natalia Emanuel; Emma Harrington; Amanda Pallais · Year: 2025
Publication / host: www.rfberlin.com
Source language: English
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Article
Relying too heavily on automation
This review brings together explanations for reduced vigilance and errors of judgement when people use automated systems.
Why read it?
Explores when a tool begins to dominate our judgement.
Keep in mind
Errors can have several causes. Excessive reliance on automation is one of them.
Reference details
Title as recorded: Complacency and Bias in Human Use of Automation: An Attentional Integration
Author(s): Raja Parasuraman; Dietrich H. Manzey · Year: 2010
Publication / host: SAGE Publications
Source language: English
DOI: 10.1177/0018720810376055
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Article
Sleeping Beauty: what probability should you assign?
Elga examines how to assign probabilities when you do not know which situation you are in.
Why read it?
An original contribution to the Sleeping Beauty probability problem.
Keep in mind
Philosophers disagree about the answer. Read Lewis's response alongside this account.
Reference details
Title as recorded: Self-locating belief and the Sleeping Beauty problem
Author(s): A. Elga · Year: 2000
Publication / host: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Source language: English
DOI: 10.1111/1467-8284.00215
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Article
Could AI narrow our view?
This analysis examines whether repeated conversations with language models limit the perspectives we encounter.
Why read it?
Invites us to ask which ideas remain out of sight in an AI conversation.
Keep in mind
The size of this risk still needs to be investigated across different uses of AI.
Reference details
Title as recorded: Interaction-induced knowledge narrowing risk in LLM systems
Author(s): Dale Rutherford; Ningning Wu · Year: 2026
Publication / host: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Source language: English
DOI: 10.1007/s44163-026-02101-6
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Article
AI as infrastructure
Naser discusses what changes when organisations and societies come to rely on AI over the long term.
Why read it?
Helps move the discussion beyond individual AI tools.
Keep in mind
The analysis concerns governance and policy. The extent of dependency varies between applications.
Reference details
Title as recorded: Governing AI as infrastructure
Author(s): M. Z. Naser · Year: 2026
Publication / host: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Source language: English
DOI: 10.1007/s43681-026-01260-7
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Article
The inverted spectrum
Shoemaker examines whether two people could use the same colour words while experiencing colours differently.
Why read it?
An original source for asking whether your red is the same as mine.
Keep in mind
This is a philosophical thought experiment. It does not establish that people actually have these different colour experiences.
Reference details
Title as recorded: The Inverted Spectrum
Author(s): Sydney Shoemaker · Year: 1982
Publication / host: Philosophy Documentation Center
Source language: English
DOI: 10.2307/2026213
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Article
When definitions persuade
Macagno and Walton examine how definitions can quietly introduce values and conclusions.
Why read it?
Helps reveal how the choice of words can steer a discussion.
Keep in mind
Whether a definition misleads depends on how it is used. Disagreement about a word is not, by itself, a fallacy.
Reference details
Title as recorded: The Argumentative Structure of Persuasive Definitions
Author(s): Fabrizio Macagno; Douglas Walton · Year: 2008
Publication / host: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Source language: English
DOI: 10.1007/s10677-008-9119-5
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Classic text
Allais on risk and choice
In his Nobel lecture, Allais looks back on his research into risk and decision-making.
Why read it?
An introduction to the ideas behind the Allais paradox, from Allais himself.
Keep in mind
Allais is discussing his own work. The lecture does not offer a simple solution to every decision problem.
Reference details
Title as recorded: Allais over zijn economische bijdragen
Author(s): Not recorded · Year: Not recorded
Publication / host: www.nobelprize.org
Source language: English
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Research report
NIST on generative AI risks
This companion to the AI Risk Management Framework addresses risks specific to generative AI.
Why read it?
Provides a framework for questions about responsible use of generative AI.
Keep in mind
The guidance supports risk assessment. Following it does not, by itself, establish that an application meets every requirement.
Reference details
Title as recorded: Artificial intelligence risk management framework :
Author(s): National Institute of Standards and Technology (US) · Year: 2024
Publication / host: National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.)
Source language: English
DOI: 10.6028/nist.ai.600-1
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Book
De regeneratieve beschaving: Een blauwdruk voor draagkracht in onszelf en in onze systemen
English note awaiting review
This source is new or its catalogue record has changed. The previous English note is withheld until it has been checked against the updated record. The source itself remains available.
Reference details
Title as recorded: De regeneratieve beschaving: Een blauwdruk voor draagkracht in onszelf en in onze systemen
Author(s): Sven Franken · Year: 2026
Publication / host: Boekscout
Source language: Dutch
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Article
Simpson's paradox and age differences in fatality rates
This study examines the role of age when comparing deaths among confirmed COVID-19 cases.
Why read it?
Shows why comparisons need to consider how groups are made up.
Keep in mind
The analysis uses data from a particular period and relies on assumptions. It is not current medical guidance.
Reference details
Title as recorded: Simpson's Paradox in COVID-19 Case Fatality Rates: A Mediation Analysis of Age-Related Causal Effects
Author(s): Julius von Kügelgen; Luigi Gresele; Bernhard Schölkopf · Year: 2021
Publication / host: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Source language: English
DOI: 10.1109/tai.2021.3073088
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Guidance
COPE on authorship and AI
COPE explains who remains responsible for a publication when AI tools have contributed to it.
Why read it?
Supports discussion of authorship and responsibility when writing with AI.
Keep in mind
This is guidance on publication ethics. Publishers may also have their own rules.
Reference details
Title as recorded: COPE over auteurschap en AI
Author(s): Not recorded · Year: Not recorded
Publication / host: publicationethics.org
Source language: English
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Article
A written procedure is not the routine itself
Pentland and Feldman examine the difference between how a routine is described and what people do in everyday work.
Why read it?
Helps distinguish documented knowledge from knowledge used in practice.
Keep in mind
Both the description and the everyday practice may contain errors. The article examines organisational routines.
Reference details
Title as recorded: Organizational routines as a unit of analysis
Author(s): B. T. Pentland · Year: 2005
Publication / host: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Source language: English
DOI: 10.1093/icc/dth070
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Article
When public information shapes behaviour
Morris and Shin use an economic model to examine how shared information and expectations about others influence choices.
Why read it?
Explores how people respond to information that is also available to others.
Keep in mind
The result depends on the model's assumptions. Additional information does not help in the same way in every situation.
Reference details
Title as recorded: Social Value of Public Information
Author(s): Stephen Morris; Hyun Song Shin · Year: 2002
Publication / host: American Economic Association
Source language: English
DOI: 10.1257/000282802762024610
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Guidance
Statistics and probability in the courtroom
A Royal Statistical Society guide to careful reasoning with statistics and probability in court.
Why read it?
Helps identify common confusions about probability and legal evidence.
Keep in mind
The guide supports understanding. A specific case still requires appropriate expert advice.
Reference details
Title as recorded: Statistiek en kansen voor juridische argumenten
Author(s): Not recorded · Year: Not recorded
Publication / host: www.icca.ac.uk
Source language: English
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Article
Hybrid working at Trip.com
A randomised study examines what hybrid working means for employees and their organisation.
Why read it?
Brings research into the discussion of working from home, collaboration and learning from colleagues.
Keep in mind
The study concerns one company and one form of hybrid working. Its conclusions do not automatically apply to every occupation.
Reference details
Title as recorded: Hybrid working from home improves retention without damaging performance
Author(s): Bloom, Nicholas; Han, Ruobing; Liang, James · Year: 2024
Publication / host: Nature Publishing Group
Source language: English
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