Sources & further reading
Books, papers and classic texts connected to our essays, paradoxes and thought experiments.
Start with a question, browse a theme or follow a reading route. Our notes explain why a source is worth reading and where its limits lie. We also include work that challenges the ideas we explore.
Publication details and links are reproduced from the shared KopKen catalogue. These English notes are AI-assisted editorial adaptations of the Dutch notes, not a new independent review of every full text. Missing bibliographic details are marked as not recorded.
The reading library
208 sources · 9 themes · 20 starting points
208 sources found · page 10 of 12
205 of 208 English notes match this catalogue edition
This source is new or its catalogue record has changed. The previous English note is withheld until it has been checked against the updated record. The source itself remains available.
Title as recorded: Goodwill needs a Power Grid
Author(s): Sven Franken · Year: Not recorded
Publication / host: Sven Franken — persoonlijke website
Source language: English
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Pearl explains why aggregated figures also require thinking about possible causes and their relationships.
Explores the move from a surprising statistical pattern to an explanation.
How figures should be adjusted depends on the research question and causal assumptions.
Title as recorded: Comment: Understanding Simpson’s Paradox
Author(s): Judea Pearl · Year: 2014
Publication / host: Informa UK Limited
Source language: English
DOI: 10.1080/00031305.2014.876829
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Block's thought experiment examines the relationship between our environment, the functions of mental states and how they feel.
Develops the question of whether the same functions can accompany different experiences.
The imagined world serves a philosophical argument. It is not an observed situation.
Title as recorded: Inverted Earth
Author(s): Ned Block · Year: 1990
Publication / host: JSTOR
Source language: English
DOI: 10.2307/2214187
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Clark examines whether the structure of colour relationships constrains the idea of two people having inverted colour experiences.
Helps examine the inverted spectrum beyond a single isolated colour.
The article discusses a philosophical thought experiment. It does not directly observe anyone's inner experience.
Title as recorded: SPECTRUM INVERSION AND THE COLOR SOLID
Author(s): Austen Clark · Year: 1985
Publication / host: Wiley
Source language: English
DOI: 10.1111/j.2041-6962.1985.tb00413.x
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This analysis examines how AI companies attribute human characteristics to systems and thereby shape expectations and power relations.
Helps examine how descriptions of AI influence our understanding of it.
The article interprets communication. It does not test AI consciousness.
Title as recorded: Constructing AI power: anthropomorphising imaginaries of generative AI by AI companies
Author(s): Anastasia Glawatzki · Year: 2026
Publication / host: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Source language: English
DOI: 10.1007/s00146-026-03367-1
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Research on how conversational partners check shared understanding and repair misunderstandings when a language model participates.
Explores how we can tell whether a conversational partner is responding to what we mean.
The study assesses particular conversational tasks. A successful conversation does not, by itself, prove human-like understanding.
Title as recorded: Evaluating the Effectiveness of Large Language Models in Establishing Conversational Grounding
Author(s): Biswesh Mohapatra; Manav Nitin Kapadnis; Laurent Romary; Justine Cassell · Year: 2024
Publication / host: Association for Computational Linguistics
Source language: English
DOI: 10.18653/v1/2024.emnlp-main.545
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Zhu and colleagues examine how an “AI-generated” label affects assessments of a text.
Helps distinguish a text's origin from the quality of its reasoning.
The study uses a particular design. The presumed author does not automatically determine whether an argument is sound.
Title as recorded: Hetzelfde argument, een AI-label
Author(s): Not recorded · Year: Not recorded
Publication / host: aclanthology.org
Source language: English
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Hauswald examines what it means to treat an artificial system as an epistemic authority.
Explores why we might accept a system's answer.
The article makes a philosophical assessment. Having authority and giving correct answers are not the same thing.
Title as recorded: Artificial Epistemic Authorities
Author(s): Rico Hauswald · Year: 2025
Publication / host: Informa UK Limited
Source language: English
DOI: 10.1080/02691728.2025.2449602
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Shackel explains how someone may defend a disputed position by temporarily adopting a narrower, more defensible claim.
Helps identify shifts in a position during discussion.
This is an essay by the author. Naming the pattern does not replace examining the particular reasoning.
Title as recorded: Motte-and-bailey nader uitgelegd
Author(s): Not recorded · Year: Not recorded
Publication / host: blog.practicalethics.ox.ac.uk
Source language: English
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Kripke develops a formal theory of truth and self-referential statements, such as those in the liar paradox.
Offers further reading on what happens when a statement says something about itself.
The text requires knowledge of logic. Its solution belongs to this approach and is not a universally accepted final answer.
Title as recorded: Kripke: een theorie van waarheid
Author(s): Not recorded · Year: Not recorded
Publication / host: www.impan.pl
Source language: English
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A philosophical reflection on AI as a possible shift in how people understand their own central place.
Invites examination of the stories we tell about AI and ourselves.
The author makes a historical and philosophical comparison. The account is not an established future scenario.
Title as recorded: Artificial Intelligence as the Fourth Decentering Revolution: From Cosmic, Biological, and Psychological Displacement to Cognitive Decentering
Author(s): Erik Cambria; Rui Mao; Nicola Bianchi; Amir Hussain; Keith Oatley; Geoffrey Hinton · Year: 2026
Publication / host: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Source language: English
DOI: 10.1007/s12559-026-10569-8
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A practice-based article on accessibility, freedom of choice and responsibility as support services become more digital.
Helps consider digital services from the perspective of someone seeking help.
The article concerns a particular service context. It does not assess every current AI system.
Title as recorded: Toegankelijke hulp in digitale tijden
Author(s): Not recorded · Year: Not recorded
Publication / host: sociaal.net
Source language: Dutch
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Gignac and Zajenkowski examine how much of the familiar self-assessment pattern can be explained by statistical effects.
Offers a counterpoint to overly simple explanations of the Dunning–Kruger effect.
The article contributes to an ongoing debate. Read the original study and responses to this critique too.
Title as recorded: The Dunning-Kruger effect is (mostly) a statistical artefact: Valid approaches to testing the hypothesis with individual differences data
Author(s): Gilles E. Gignac; Marcin Zajenkowski · Year: 2020
Publication / host: Elsevier BV
Source language: English
DOI: 10.1016/j.intell.2020.101449
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Sorrell examines evidence that greater energy efficiency can nevertheless increase total consumption.
Explores when additional use offsets efficiency gains.
Additional use does not always cancel the entire saving. Its scale depends on the level of analysis and economic circumstances.
Title as recorded: Jevons’ Paradox revisited: The evidence for backfire from improved energy efficiency
Author(s): Steve Sorrell · Year: 2009
Publication / host: Elsevier BV
Source language: English
DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2008.12.003
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An extensive overview of fallacies and the importance of an argument's context.
Provides reference material for careful examination of arguments.
Assessing an argument requires examining the reasoning, even when you recognise a fallacy's name.
Title as recorded: Drogredenen herkennen zonder etikettenplakken
Author(s): Not recorded · Year: Not recorded
Publication / host: iep.utm.edu
Source language: English
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A publication format in which the research question and method are reviewed before the results are known.
Shows how assessment of a research approach can depend less on an attractive outcome.
This format reduces certain publication incentives. Research errors can still occur.
Title as recorded: Registered Reports: de vraag beoordelen vóór de uitkomst
Author(s): Not recorded · Year: Not recorded
Publication / host: www.cos.io
Source language: English
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Palmer examines the relationship between colour structure and conscious experience in the inverted-spectrum debate.
Explores how much we can know about one another's colour experience.
The article contributes to a theoretical debate. It does not establish that two people's experiences can be directly compared.
Title as recorded: Color, consciousness, and the isomorphism constraint
Author(s): Stephen E. Palmer · Year: 1999
Publication / host: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Source language: English
DOI: 10.1017/s0140525x99002216
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A review of sixty years of research on decisions with unclear probabilities.
Provides wider background on Ellsberg's paradox and responses to ambiguous probabilities.
The picture depends on which publications were selected and how they were analysed.
Title as recorded: Ambiguity aversion: bibliometric analysis and literature review of the last 60 years
Author(s): Christoph Bühren; Fabian Meier; Marco Pleßner · Year: 2023
Publication / host: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Source language: English
DOI: 10.1007/s11301-021-00250-9
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